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Technische Universität München
Technische Universität München

Differential Column Measurements for Emission Estimates

Figure 1: DCM method concept (© F. Dietrich, J. Chen)

Differential column measurements is a novel tool for determining urban- and regional carbon fluxes, which are required in order to design and implement policies for emission reduction initiatives. We use compact solar tracking spectrometers (EM27/SUN) to measure the column-averaged concentrations simultaneously upwind and downwind of emission sources (e.g. power plants, landfills, refineries), inside and outside of a city. We have deployed differential column measurements in Munich, Indianapolis, San Francisco Bay Area, Chino (CA), Poland and are closely collaborating with Harvard University, KIT, Heidelberg University, UC Berkeley, BAAQMD, Caltech and LANL.

DFG project:  Mesoscale Network for Monitoring Greenhouse Gas and Pollutant Emissions

  • Florian Dietrich, Jia Chen, Benno Voggenreiter, Patrick Aigner, Nico Nachtigall, and Björn Reger: MUCCnet: Munich Urban Carbon Column network. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 14 (2), 2021, 1111-1126 mehr… Volltext ( DOI )
  • Jia Chen, Hai Nguyen, Francisco Toja-Silva, Ludwig Heinle, Frank Hase, André Butz: Power Plant Emission Monitoring in Munich Using Differential Column Measurements. EGU2017-16423, 2017 mehr… Volltext ( DOI )
  • C. Viatte, T. Lauvaux, J. K. Hedelius, H. Parker, J. Chen, T. Jones, J. E. Franklin, A. J. Deng, B. Gaudet, K.Verhulst, R. Duren, D. Wunch, C. Roehl, M. K. Dubey, S. Wofsy, and P. O. Wennberg: Methane emissions from dairies in the Los Angeles Basin. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (17), 2017, 7509-7528 mehr… Volltext ( DOI )
  • J. Chen, C. Viatte, J. K. Hedelius, T. Jones, J. E. Franklin, H. Parker, E. W. Gottlieb, P. O. Wennberg, M. K. Dubey, and S. C. Wofsy: Differential column measurements using compact solar-tracking spectrometers. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (16), 2016, 8479-9498 mehr… Volltext ( DOI )
  • Jia Chen, Jacob K. Hedelius, Camille Viatte, Taylor Jones, Jonathan E. Franklin, Harrison Parker, Paul O. Wennberg, Elaine W. Gottlieb, Manvendra K. Dubey, and Steven C. Wofsy: Study of Differential Column Measurements for Urban Greenhouse Gas Emission Monitoring. EGU General Assembly 2016, 2016 mehr…

Explanation of the principle

 

The basic principle of the differential column methodology is explained in the figures above. The upper right figure shows the measurement configuration (upwind and downwind of a dairy farm) and the measured column difference (2 ppb CH4). We are developing a data-model framework tailored to the differential column measurements to determine the emissions. The models that we are currently using include a simple column model (upper left figure), WRF-HYSPLIT, WRF-GHG, WRF-LES, and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. An example of column footprints (logarithmic scale, bottom right figure) simulated using WRF-HYSPLIT to model the column differences measured during the Oktoberfest (bottom left figure) is given in the graphs below.

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